LTE release 12 proposes the use of dual connectivity in heterogeneouscellular networks, where a user equipment (UE) maintains parallel connectionsto a macro-cell node (base station) and to a low-tier node (pico base stationor relay). In this paper, we propose a distributed multi-objective powercontrol scheme where each UE independently adapts its transmit power on itsdual connections, possibly of unequal bandwidth, with non-ideal backhaul links.In the proposed scheme, the UEs can dynamically switch their objectives betweendata rate maximization and transmit power minimization as the backhaul loadvaries. Given the coupling between interference and the backhaul load, wepropose a low-overhead convergence mechanism which does not require explicitcoordination between autonomous nodes and also derive a closed-form expressionof the transmit power levels at equilibrium. We illustrate a higher aggregateend-to-end data rate and significant power saving for our scheme over when theoptimization is implemented through a greedy algorithm or when UEs only performwaterfilling.
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